Hawaii Volcanoes National Park

An expanse of majestic natural power and beauty, Hawaii Volcanoes National Park is home to two of the world’s most remarkable volcanoes: Kilauea, one of the most active volcanoes on earth, and Mauna Loa, the largest active volcano. Spanning 335,259 acres and encompassing six climate zones, the park represents the dramatic contrasts of the Hawaiian landscape—from lush rainforests and black lava fields to volcanic ash-covered deserts and alpine tundra. Visitors can explore a living, breathing volcanic environment formed over centuries and discover how ancient Hawaiian culture and the wilderness are intertwined. The echoes of petroglyphs carved in stone, the steam breath of sulfur banks, and the distant glow of lava bring new discoveries with every visit.

Main Highlights

Halemaumau Crater

Located within the vast caldera of Kilauea Volcano, Halemaʻumaʻu Crater is one of the most visited sites in the park. Known for its constant volcanic activity, the crater doubled in size after an earthquake in 2018, remaking the surrounding landscape. Tourists can view the steamy crater, and during active periods, witness glowing lava lakes deep within. Impressive viewpoints around the crater showcase the scale and power of Kilauea, making it an unforgettable sight.

Thurston Lava Tube (Nahuku)

A natural wonder formed by flowing lava, the Thurston Lava Tube is a tunnel-like formation that once carried molten rock beneath the surface. This unique attraction allows visitors to walk along paths carved by ancient lava flows. Lush ferns and tropical plants surround the entrance to the lava tube, giving visitors the feeling of stepping into a hidden place where lava once roared.

Crater Rim Drive

This scenic route winds around Kilauea Caldera, offering some of the park’s most famous sites and spectacular views.

• Major Viewpoints: Crater Rim Drive offers several vantage points, such as the Kīlauea Overlook and Wahinekapu (Steaming Bluff), with breathtaking views of the caldera and volcanic terrain.
• Sulfur Banks (Haʻakulamanu): Sulfur Banks, along Crater Rim Drive, is a fascinating spot where volcanic gases rise from the ground, depositing colorful sulfur crystals on the rocks. The vivid yellow, red, and green hues contrast with the surrounding lava, creating a beautiful, otherworldly sight.

Chain of Craters Road

Chain of Craters Road is an 18.8-mile scenic drive from the caldera down to the coast, where volcanic rock meets the ocean. Known for dramatic landscape changes, the route includes many stops revealing the transformative power of volcanic activity.

• Major Stops: Ruamanu Crater, Pauahi Crater, and Puuluhulu Cinder Cone each showcase unique volcanic features and expansive views.
• Hōlei Sea Arch: Located at the end of Chain of Craters Road, the 90-foot Hōlei Sea Arch is a remarkable formation shaped by the relentless waves against the lava cliffs, symbolizing Hawaii’s ever-changing coastline.
• Puʻuloa Petroglyphs: One of the most important cultural sites, the Puʻuloa Petroglyph Field contains ancient lava etchings created by Native Hawaiians, preserving stories and traditions carved into the rocks.

Popular Hiking Trails

The park offers trails of all levels, from easy loops to challenging hikes through lava landscapes.

• Kilauea Iki Trail: A 4-mile moderate trail that descends to a former lava lake, offering rare views of solidified lava. Along the way, see cinder cones, lava formations, and a panoramic view of Kilauea Iki Crater.
• Devastation Trail: Once covered by dense rainforest, the trail is now blanketed in volcanic ash and rocks from past eruptions, telling a story of resilience and renewal.

Visitors should choose trails that suit their fitness levels and interests. The Crater Rim Trail provides a shorter, scenic hike, while trails along Chain of Craters Road offer more challenging experiences. Essentials include water, sturdy shoes, and rain gear.

Useful Information

• Opening Hours and Admission Fees: The park is open 24 hours daily. Check the official website for current admission fees.
• Climate and Best Seasons: The park spans elevations from sea level to 13,000 feet, resulting in diverse climates. Temperatures near Kilauea’s summit are cooler; spring and fall are ideal for sightseeing. Layered clothing, hiking shoes, rain gear, a hat, and bottled water are essential.
• Safety Precautions: Volcanic terrain can be hazardous, so it is crucial to stay on marked trails and heed warning signs to avoid risks such as falling rocks and sinkholes.

Lodging

Volcano House offers cozy lodging within the park, and camping is available at Nāmakani Paio and Kulanaokuaiki campgrounds.

One-Day Itinerary

A full day at the park might include a morning hike on Devastation Trail and a visit to Kīlauea Visitor Center. After lunch, explore Crater Rim Drive, stopping at Sulfur Banks and Kīlauea Overlook. Continue along Chain of Craters Road to see Holei Sea Arch before returning in the evening.

Unique Highlights of Hawaii Volcanoes National Park

• Observe Volcanic Activity and Lava Formations: Hawaii Volcanoes National Park is one of the few places where visitors can witness new land forming. Check the park’s website for current lava activity before visiting.
• Night Viewing: The glow of lava and steam against the night sky is an unforgettable sight. Bring flashlights and use caution on poorly lit trails.
• Local Flora and Fauna: The park is home to native plants, such as ʻōhiʻa trees and rare ferns, as well as the endangered nēnē (Hawaiian goose). These species thrive in Hawaii’s unique volcanic environment, showcasing the resilience and biodiversity of the island.